The Agreement on trade aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPS) is an international agreement between all member states of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It establishes minimum standards for the regulation of different forms of intellectual property (IP) by national governments, as applied to nationals of other WTO member countries. [3] TRIPS was negotiated at the end of the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) between 1989 and 1990[4] and is managed by the WTO. Various amendments to the various existing laws – Patent Amendment Act (2005), Copy right Amendment Act (2010) – will be made in order to strengthen the national legal framework in order to respect the harmonization with the WTO TRIPS Agreement. Similarly, a number of new laws will be adopted to improve the country`s intellectual property regime. The main legislative provisions relating to TRIPS legislation relating to intellectual property rights legislation are set out below. The fact is that the controversial TRIPS agreement, which added IP rights in trade discourse in 1995, already offers flexibilities that countries can use to address public health needs. A bit of history would be relevant here. In addition to the basic intellectual property standards established by the TRIPS Agreement, many nations have engaged in bilateral agreements to introduce a higher level of protection. This collection of standards, known as TRIPS+ or TRIPS-Plus, can take many forms. [20] The general objectives of these agreements are as follows: a 2003 agreement relaxed the requirements of the internal market and allows developing countries to export to other countries where there is a national health problem as long as the exported drugs are not part of a commercial or industrial policy.

[10] Drugs exported under such a regime may be packaged or coloured differently to prevent them from harming the markets of industrialized countries. As Shaila Seshia points out, TRIPS entered into force on 1 January 1995 and expanded the scope of intellectual property rights (IPR) for plant varieties. As commercialization and commercialization increase, TRIPS called for the establishment of an intellectual property protection system that would allow NCMs to operate in developing countries without taking into account the risks and uncertainties associated with research and development. In particular, Article 27(3)(b) of the TRIPS Agreement describes the obligations of WTO Member States with regard to the protection of new varieties of plants and calls on them to establish an `effective sui generis system` to that end. Two other important rules regarding intellectual property rights over plant genetic resources (PMP) are the UI and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The UI, adopted by the FAO conference in 1983, is the first international agreement on issues of access and ownership of ERPs for food and agriculture. .